Question 3: a ) State the two (2) features of Inferior vena cava measurement by Ultrasound that supports a reduced central venous pressure measurement. (2 marks) IVC less than 1 cm Collapsibility index of > 50% b ) State four (4) limitations to the use of inferior vena cava measurement by Ultrasound, in the Emergency Read more about Question 3: IVC[…]
Question 4. Describe abnormalities that you could expect to see on a focused ultrasound scan of a heart in Pericardial Effusion PE Sepsis Percardial effusion • Echofree space if effusion anechoic within pericardial space. Effusion may be echoic if it is blood or pus • Effusion may be circumferential or loculated • Effusion may have Read more about Question 4: Pericardial effusion/PE/Sepsis[…]
Question 5 What findings on transvaginal ultrasound would indicate ectopic pregnancy should be considered? • Empty uterus – no gestational sac • May have pseudosac – blood collection in uterus • Complex adnexal mass • May see ectopic pregnancy “ bagel sign” +/- Corpus luteal cyst which is often ipsilateral to the ectopic pregnancy • Read more about Question 5 : Early pregnancy[…]
Question 6 43 year old male with recent ORIF of right tibial fracture. He is 6 weeks post op and the post operative splint has been removed. He was diagnosed 4 days ago with 5cm thrombus in anterior tibial vein on formal ultrasound in the vascular lab. Given the DVT was provoked, the splint was Read more about Question 6 : DVT[…]
Images Genevieve Carbonatto, text Genevieve Carbonatto An 80 year old lady presents to the Emergency Department with a 4 month history of feeling unwell on and off associated with a 4 kg weight loss during that time. She presented acutely because the night before she developed mild abdominal pain and vomiting. She has been investigated Read more about Intussusception: Left upper quadrant mass[…]
Dr Daniel Lichtenstein spent a weekend in Australia to talk about whole body ultrasound with a special emphasis on lung ultrasound. It was a fabulous weekend and 12 of us had the opportunity of scanning with him on the wards. Lung ultrasound seems at times so simple, yet when an expert is there to Read more about Dr Lichtenstein: Whole body ultrasound[…]
Images by Genevieve Carbonatto. Hourglass gallbladder (GB) . One of the 3 types of GB wall thickening seen in adenomyomatosis There is focal mural segmental thickening of the mid body of the gallbladder. This has been referred to as hourglass gallbladder .
Images by Genevieve Carbonatto These are reverberation artifacts produced because sound waves reverberate between the cholesterol crystals and the wall of the gallbladder. Colour Doppler: The wall of the GB seems to light up like a christmas tree due to these reverberation artifacts. Read more about Adenomyomatosis[…]